Liquid receptacle



1 695 583 s. GOLDBERG ET AL LIQUID RECEPTACLE Filed Oct. 17, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheetl l z5 I4 8 5 I N VEN TOR 3 2 .s mi 9 n Tdi s. Q Nd# l W6@ n mdr h Y do S MN o 5% L mL M1 mi l www. EnEV Jr. BRR no oww s Dec. 18, 1928.

s. GoLbBERG ETAL Dec. 18, 1928- LIQJID RECEPTACLE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Oct. 17, 1927 UNITED STAiEsI off .repair in order to function properly and i Patented Dec. l18, 1928i. Y

`SAMUEL Germana p GOLDBERG Assisivo'ii'ro e AND vieron Germana sain SAMUEL GoLnn'Lnne.

LIQUID RECEPT'ACLE.

" y Appntatioa sied" october roof of ai building structure has ,been madey of ordinary sheet Inetalor tin conduits Tvhicli are expensive and easily corrodedby the actionoi. the vvat'er and theelements. vln addi, tion, difiiculty has: been experienced in attachingfthe ine'tal conduit uin Vi'ilace and-this Work therefore, can only ,belidoneby4 specially Askilled mechanics vsuch as roeiers, vtinsmiths or plumbers "Thecost therefore,jlias vbeen considerably increased byreason of the Work.' A f y Y y The ordinary tin conduit heretofore ein,n ployed, niustalways be kept in al goed state this c'a-nialsoj only be -donerby theskilled nie-V chanics referred topabove. Furthermore, the

life of any "ordinary conduitvor trough is relatively short, requiring vfrt-iquent replacement, due toits inability to withstand the actions of .the elements.

Attempts 4have been inadeilie'retoito're tov overcome c some, of the disadvantages oi the tin conduit by coating the tin 'with iinqreg*y nated paper material, although it has been recognized heretofore, to ivliateXtent the tin maybe replaced;k p

We have discovered that Waterproof,y {iemble, non-metallic .materials such as paper, inipregnated or coated With `an impervious substance, when properly formed in layers 7can be inucli better adapted to a drainage'systein by jieason of its flexibility and ease of attachment, While at thesame time it has a considerably longer life than .the metallic trough` and can be built ata much lower cost; An example of such a substance is tar paper or roofing paper, Waterproof or rub-K` metallic or noni-corrosive material, impervif ous to Water, light in weight, durable and suficiently strong to resist the elements.y v, A.k still further Objectis to 'provide a non- 'the details of construction lierei objectfto pro 17,' vi927.` serial Na'aaegroe. 1

s, or" isa'rriivioitii, MAnYLANngfsiiin Vieron 3 metallic conduit of, beingiireadily lat-,3 tachedto the edge oi a roof 'anyiiieiiperiy enced person Without any speen moval vfrom it'splace of attachment, and ca- :pable or continuing" in use ivithout any at tentionWhatsover.- i i lt is nf'elllnoivn that theerdinary sheet inetalor tin conduits or "troughs in `use at' the present ytime are expensii'fe,easilycorf roded by the action of@ Water and theelfe-- Y v i 'O-1S Caf pable of being easily repaired ivitlioiit r'e- Q,

nients,and dilicult toattalch, ,therebynecesf i sitating the"einployinent of j,i"ooife'rs,lti l smiths orfp-lunibers, and. involviiigtlie us y special tools. The ordinary tin'cond'uits or h trouglisiiiust always be keptfii'iafgood state c highly skilled type of labor necessary in this oit repair in order to functionv properly, `ur-= Y ther necessitatingl the l employment of the above mentionedartisans. f Furthermore, 4,the life ofrany ordinarytinconduitor troughis relatively short, requiring frequenti replace- .ment due to its inability lto withstand: the acition of the element-sf Thnon-metalliccon# lVitl the foregoing and-other ob view yivhicli will" 1 appear` as the, description,

proceeds, the `inventionresides in the coni b inatioii and. arrangement Vof parte fand in i i @filet-"i scribed andY claimethitbeing understood that duit orjtrough as, contemplated, oblviates thev i i tlieclianges vin the precise embodiment ofthe i invention.herein disclosed, may be ymafde v ivithii'i the Iscope oflivhat is clair ,'ivitlioiit dep arting' from the spirit of theiinyention., i

` The drawings illustrate our inventionas ei'nbo-died in a house drainage-system. i

. Referring to the drawings u Fi gure Vl. illustrates a side ele'v ,eavestrough u .Figure Qis a. `plan vievv o if the trough shown in4 Figure l. v i j f y i Figuref is a section online 3443,. of lFg- Figure .p4 is, a perspective vieiv partly yin sect-ion ofone of thel backs. f

Figure 4 is a planvi'evv of one before'being folded/iv F igure 5 is a transverse sectionvof-the` trough-taken on line 5-,5 ofl Figure 1,-' Figures G, 7 and Saremodifications partly in Asection shovvingvarious means of securing the transverse rods vto the longitudinal edges ofthe trough; Y

fthe, A

l10Ql of backs l Figure 9 is another modification partly in section showing an attaching means for the trough secured Vin place by a transverse. rod.V

Figure 10 is anelevation of the modification shown in Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a still further modification illustrating the manner of securing the ,longitudinal edges of the layers comprising the trough to each other.

Figure 12 is a perspective view of one of the metallic eyelets.

Figure 13is a section on line 13--13 of Figure 2 showing the manner of securing the discharge nipple to the trough.

Figure 14 is an elevation of the nipple.

Figure 15 is a plan view of tlie'nipple with the flaps bent at an angle to the vertical axis of the nipple. p p

Figures 16 and 17 show various ways of attaching the trough to the edge of a roof or cornice.

Figure 18 illustrates an elevation of one of the units comprisingthe downspout.

Figure 19 is a transverse section on line 19-19 of Figure 18.

Figure 20 is a perspective'view of the arrangement of the layers comprising one of the units of the downspout.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 1 indicates the conduit, channel or eaves-trough made up of one or more longitudinal layers 12, (Figure 5) intimately secured to each other at their contacting surfaces. The layers 12 may be of any'waterproof fiexible nonmetallic material, such as paper impregnated or coated with an impervious material, as for Y example, tar or roofing paper; water proofed or rubberized fabric, or rubber. The channels as contemplated are preferably made of tar or roofing paper. The layers 12, except for a narrow portion at their ends, are cemented together at their contacting surfaces and are transversely bent into a U-shaped trough, though it is obvious that the conduit may be of any desired cross section, the inner layer 12 being preferably made wider than the outer layers for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

The open ends of the trough are closed by backs 3, Figures 1 and 2, the construction of which is clearly shown in Figures 4 and 4a. A circular piece of the prepared material 10 (Figure 4a) is divided into two semi-circu lar upper and lower portions 9 and 9 respectively, the .larger and lower portion 9 having formed at its edge, flaps 10, said upper portion 9 being folded over into contacting y engagement with the lower portion 9 Figure 4) and securely held thereto through the medium of the clips 11. The portions 9 and 9 are also preferably cemented together in a manner to be described in detail hereinafter. The flaps 10 are bent at right angles to the plane of the portion 9, and abut the periphery or edge of the portionAV 9. The

backs are secured to the transverse end of the conduit by inserting the flaps 1() between the uncemented portions of the layers 12, Figure 3, so that the inner layer abuts the por outer layer `12, as shown by the dotted lines,

(see Figure 5) said portions 14 being folded over into contacting engagement with the outer surface of the outer layer 12, and securely cemented thereto, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 5. Metallic eyelets 5 of the type shown in Figure 12, having projections 6 formed thereon are inserted into apertures 5 provided at regular intervals along the longitudinalends of the trough for a purpose to be hereinafter described. The projections 6 are bent back intocontacting engagement with the inner surface of the trough and the portion 14, as shown in Figure 11. If desirable washers may be inserted between the bent over projections 16 and the surfaces of the trough coincident with the apertures 5', as shown in Figure 5.

Rods or stays 8 made of stiff wire are inserted into certain of the eyelets 5, the ends of t-he said rods being bent upwardly and around the edge of the trough as shown in Figure 5. The rods 8 function to retain the trough in shape by supporting the Walls against lateral pressure and to lend it a certain amount of stiffness. The rods 8 and eyelets 5 are alternately arranged as shown in Figure 2, though it is obvious that other arrangements of the rods and eyes may beresorted 'to if found desirable. To prevent buckling of the trough, a bead or corrugation 13, (Figure may be provided on the outer layer 12 along its longitudinal center'. If desirable, a plurality of such corrugations may be formed or all the layers may `be corrugated.

Figures 6, 7, and 8 show various modifications of thev manner in which the rods 8 `may be secured'to Vthe edges of the trough. In Figure 6, the rod 8 is bent vertically downward as at 16, then bent horizontally as at 17, then vertically upward as at 18 and around the edge of the trough as at 18. In Figure 7, the rod 8 as in Figure 6, is in alignment with the edges of the trough and is bent vertically upward as at 21. In Figure 8, the rod 8, as in Figure 5, is in alignment with the apertures 5 that receive the eyelets 5 and is bent vertically upward as at 22 and around the edge tained.

,'the eyelets being dispensed ,with It is preferred'liowever, that the Washers 4 be re- Figures 9 and 10show i' vtionffor securing the-rod 8 vto the trough with an attaching means for the trough-additionally secured thereto.

corrosive -met'al ha-vingan eye 27 formed .at its closedend parallel with the longitudinalV edge ofthetrough, and having apertures 5" formed opposite-each other, are placedpver Ythe edge of the trough so' that thefapertures 5 and 5. registerfwith each other; The` threaded ends areinserted into" the apertures 5 and5,the nuts.24tightly'clampin-g the strip '27 to the 'edgeof the trough..- A

transverse aperture 28 isformed vinj'theeye 27,

serving with the eye 27 asa means for attach ing the trough in place.

Figure 11 shows av modification Yfor `forming the longitudinal ends' of thel wallsYy` off-the.

' trough. The outerlayer 12 i'slnadecob siderablyA Wider thanl 'theinner layer 12, .l shown in Figure 5. The portion-15 lis folded over. into contacting engagementwiththe por-l tion 14, forming a rounded edge "15 ;A both portions14 and 1 5 being inturn folded overy sothat the portion 15 contacts the upper-end ofthe outer layer12`, the contacting surfaces of the layers and portions heingcefmented together. -The eye 5 is providedja's described above,"minus the `Washers 4,' thoughlit is to be.`

understoodl that the Washers 4 mayl be ernf ployed in the manner. shownin Figure 5,

so desired; 'f i Figures 13, 14 and 15 iilustrate the-manner.

v. of, constructing the dischargenipplefandthe method of:vr attaching 'it to the trough; :The

nipple 2 of. tar-paper, is made cylindrical.; in form, being retainedrin shapevby the strip 30, placed overI the'- abutting iedgesfl, and cemented: to thevinner#v surfaceof saidl nipple.

Clips 33 rserve toyadditicnally secure thev strip 30 to the nipp1ef2. The upper portion of" the nipple islforxned into flaps 29 by cuttingaway the portions *32.- The bottomoff thetrough has formed therein registering circularfopen-A ings 2, ineach ofthe layers 12.` Beforeithe layers 12ar'e cemented -to-each other the nipple 2 inserted through-'the opening 2 in the lowermost layer l2 and the flaps 29 bent atan Y angle to the vertical center of the nipple 2, so yas to contact the inner surface of the layer 12. The upper-or innerv layeris then placed over the vflaps 2.9 so that the opening 2 registers with the opening of the nipple 2.

air0thei-- mediaw- 'lhelay'ersv l2 andthe fiaps 29 are cemented j tovether and are additionally secured.` to keach ot ier through themedium ofclips 84, Figure 2. While thenipple is usuallyy placed'adjfacent one end of thetrough, it .isfobvious that it may. be placed any Where along thelengthV of said-:trough vifldeeined desirable.; u

ing. lIn' F1gu.re 16,.theftroughfis' liningv 1an rabaste attaching they trough. .tothe eaves of'a buildf place bylm'eans of? the wires 35; 1.- 4( )nelfend 1" of. each... of the'Wires are'floopedfas '3 8 and 'secured to .thef roof' 89 byf .ineai'ls of the nail37'.d yThe vother ends "of the wires 85 are passed throughthe eyelets A5 and twisted overH themse-lfves as clearlyshownffat 86. Itl'is apparent thatinth'e type of hanger-26 shown t in Figures 9fand10,the ends ofthe wire could be passed throughtheeyef27, thus." securing ltheconduit in place.r In Figure :17, theside fof-the trough. adjacent the Wall 'on cornice 4'1f'is secured thereto by a nail 40 inserted i I' vthrough the eyelet The outer side of the trough'is secured tothe roof-239vby. a-Wire one endr being looped asA at. Bid-wand se cured tothe roof by the nail 371,-'the otherfendr being passed' through the A eyelet 5- and-f'trvistJA l attaching the same Withoutthe aid, of specigl] tools.. j Y Y Figures-1s, ie aad-2o iliistatuie installed Ved over' itself as atff. Tie above Iiiethod;v voffhalnging the trough illustrates the easeof o of 'constructinga downspoutoff tar tpaper,.-k

Waterproofed; or'rgubberized fabric or rubber.- y Two -rectangularv sections orjlayersl ofl tar paper, 42fand 43,"Fi`gure 2,0, are arranged f in-overlapping engagement, vthe short pand long sideof-one sectionoverlapping the short i 3nd longfside Vofthe other.. Thesections 42 1 'and43 are cementedtoeach other andaddi tionallyx':secured` to each otherj through' the medium' of clips'44lVVV The laversare'vthen .turnedg upv inV the direction fof the farrow to forni the cylinder' 45, Figure 18, thelong sides-461of the section 43, abutting each other, "and lthe long sides 472 oflthe' section42, abut-v ting each other (see Figures lS'and l9)'.\ The overlapping portions off- -the sections 4 2v and 43 are thus placed' into contacting engagement` With each-other as at^48',f(Figure-1'9) andare f f.

also cemented to eachother. -`Clips/49 serve s otherand to retainfthe cylinder` in: shape:

Figure 18shows atubular unit compris-ingu downspout;. It is.. obviousf zthat to :formwa downsp'o'uu of: any. considerable lrlength se?.

riesofigunits as illustrated in Figure 18fuould other. by insertingy the `pro] ectingi` portion 50 ofone unit into the Lrecessed portion 51 ofA 4the succeeding unit.

formed presents asmooth eXteriorsurfacer The downspout as thus throughout its entire length, is very strong and easy to'assemble.

The Various layers of tar paper comprising kto Hadditionally `securerthe sectionsl tove'ach be necessary.` YOne unit is attached tofthe..

the trough and downspout may be intimately joined together throughout their entire con* tacting surfaces by heating the layers of tar .aper to a predetermined temperature, therey causing the Substance or material with which the paper is impregnated or coated to become plastic` At the same time the layers are subjected to a uniform pressure through their entire length whereby the contacting surfaces of said layers are caused to adhere to each other throughA the medium of the above mentioned substance or material. The layers may alsobe secured together without the action of heat by merely cementing them together, the cement employed being any of the well known brands of tar or roofing cements known to t-he art. The layers incorporatedin the trough, downspout, backs and nipple are cemented together'under pressure so as to insure uniform adhesion. The layers are cemented' together to increase the rigidity of the structure andto insure its waterproof` ness. In case it isdesired to construct the conduits of rubberized fabric or rubber, the layers could be vulcanized together, in the manner well known in the art. The trough 0r downspout when constructed as described may be coated on its exterior and interior surfaces by a roofing paint or compoundvdesigned for use on tar or rooting `paper to aiord additional protection and increasethe serviceability of the lnaterial from which it is constructed. i

Vhile the preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail, it will` be understood that we do not wish to be limited to the precise constructions set forth, since various changes in theform, proportion `and arrangement of parts, and in t e details of construction may be resorted to within the spirit and scope of the invention.

lVhile the invention has been disclosed as applied to a drainage for drawing water off from a roof it is evident that the invention has application to any type of drainage system or for containers of water and liquids such as barrels.

Having thus describedthe invention what is claimed is 1. A conduit comprising layers of nommetallic material, backs of like non-metallic material formed with flaps securedto the open ends of said conduit, the flaps being inserted between the layers at the transverse ends thereof, said layers and flaps being intimately and securely joined together;

2. A trough shaped conduit comprising layers of non-metallic material, backs of like non-metallic material inserted between the transverse ends of said layers and abutting the same, anda nipple positivelyfsecured to said conduit. i j

3. A conduit comprising layers of nonmetallic material having coincident' openings formed therein, a discharge nippleattached to said layers'and registering with said openings, the attached portion of the nipple kbe-l ing ositioned below the topmost layer of the con uit, said nipple being formed of` like non-metallic material having bent over porl tions at one end thereof forming flaps, said flaps being inserted between said layers at the t-he layers at the transverse ends thereof,`

the'transverse edges of the inner layer abutting saidbent over portions and the trans? verse edges of the outer layerjin alignment with the outer surface of saidbacks, said layers and flaps being joined together and clips additionally securing said bent over portions to said backs and said `flaps to said layers.

5. A conduit as claimed in'claim 2, the in` y ner walls of said conduit being' 'reeof projecting or raised surfaces, thereby offering a smoothand uninterrupted fiow for` the liquid therein.

6. A conduit comprising a plurality of lay- 9 ers of non-metallic materiahthe longitudinal edges of the inner layerbeing folded over the longitudinaledges of the outer layer, backs of like non-metallic material formed with flapssecured to the open ends of said conduit, said flaps being inserted betweenthe layers at the transverse ends thereof, a nipple of like non-metallic material secured to said conduit, a plurality 'of cylindricalL metallic Y fasteningmembers spaced along the longitudinal edges of the conduit, said members be-` ing formedwith a plurality of projections at each end thereof adapted to be bent back and securely clamp therebetween the plurality of layers and the folded over longitu- `dinal edges of the inner layer, Va plurality of stay members, Vthe ends thereof passing through certain of said cylindrical fastening members andbeing bent upwardly and over the longitudinal edges of said conduit to securely fasten the same `to said conduit.

' SAMUEL GOLDBERG. Y

VICTOR GOLDBERG 

